These patients with either "latent autoimmune diabetes in adulthood" or type 1 diabetes mellitus, may be distinguished from those patients with type 2 diabetes by detection of 1 or more islet autoantibodies, including ZnT8 antibody.(2-5) Patients with gestational diabetes can also be stratified for future diabetes risk by detection of 1 or more islet autoantibodies (including ZnT8 antibody). Zinc accumulation in cell granules is manipulated by ZnT8, a zinc transporter expressed predominately in pancreatic and cells. Because of symptom-onset in adulthood, societal obesity, and initial insulin-independence, some patients with type 1 diabetes are initially diagnosed as having type 2 diabetes. Anti-ZIP8 (SLC39A8) (extracellular) Antibody (AZT-008) is a highly specific antibody directed against an epitope of the rat Zinc transporter ZIP8. These antibodies are also detectable in relatives of type 1 diabetic patients at risk for developing diabetes, before clinical onset. One or more of these autoantibodies are detected in 93% to 96% of patients with type 1 diabetes, both adults and children. These findings have been confirmed in multiple specialty laboratories internationally. Only 4 to 7 of patients with type 1 diabetes are autoantibody negative, fewer than 10 have only 1 marker, and around 70 have 3 or 4 markers. This assay is performed at a referral laboratory (external users requiring serum ZnT8 antibody levels are advised to contact the referral laboratory. ![]() Only 4% to 7% of patients with type 1 diabetes are autoantibody negative, fewer than 10% have only 1 marker, and around 70% have 3 or 4 markers. Autoantibodies recognising the islet cell antigens glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD 65), Zinc Transporter 8 (ZnT8) and the insulinoma antigen 2 (IA-2) are. Patient population is primarily children and adolescents to confirm a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. GeneCards Symbol: SLC30A8 Solute Carrier Family 30 Member 8 ZnT-8 ZNT8 Zinc Transporter 8 Solute Carrier Family 30 (Zinc Transporter), Member 8. These include the insulinoma-associated protein 2 (IA-2), glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65), insulin, and, most recently, the zinc transporter ZnT8. Zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8) is vital for the biosynthesis and secretion of insulin and ZnT8 autoantibodies (ZnT8A) are among the most recently discovered and least-characterised islet autoantibodies. These include the insulinoma-associated protein 2 (IA-2), glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65), insulin, and, most recently, the zinc transporter ZnT8. Islet cell autoantibodies have been known to be associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus since the 1970s.(1) Since 1988, several autoantigens against which islet antibodies are directed have been identified.
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